Desprendimiento coroideo seroso bilateral tras trabeculoplastia selectiva láser / Bilateral choroidal effusion after selective laser trabeculoplasty

La trabeculoplastia selectiva láser (TSL) es un medio eficaz para tratar el glaucoma de ángulo abierto con una baja tasa de complicaciones. Reportamos el caso de una mujer de 73 años con un glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto no controlado que tras someterse a una trabeculoplastia selectiva láser en ambos ojos desarrolló un desprendimiento coroideo bilateral (AU)

Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is an effective treatment to treat open-angle glaucoma with a low risk of complications. The case is presented of a 73 year-old woman with uncontrolled primary open-angle glaucoma who underwent selective laser trabeculoplasty in both eyes and developed bilateral choroidal effusion (AU)

Bilateral choroidal effusion after selective laser trabeculoplasty. / Desprendimiento coroideo seroso bilateral tras trabeculoplastia selectiva láser.

Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is an effective treatment to treat open-angle glaucoma with a low risk of complications. The case is presented of a 73 year-old woman with uncontrolled primary open-angle glaucoma who underwent selective laser trabeculoplasty in both eyes and developed bilateral choroidal effusion.

Mejorando la visualización del implante no absorbible T-Flux (R) para esclerectomía profunda. Técnica de tinción / Improving the visualization of non-absorbable T-Flux (R) implants in deep sclerectomy. Colouring technique

OBJETIVO: Describir una técnica de coloración que aumente la visualización del implante no absorbible T-Flux. MÉTODO: La técnica se emplea en el implante no absorbible T-Flux. Este se sumerge en una solución de fluoresceína sódica entre 5 y 10 min, posteriormente se retira y se seca con una hemosteta. DISCUSIÓN: Esta técnica fácil y sencilla que usa una solución común de fluoresceína nos permite aumentar el contraste en el campo quirúrgico entre este y el implante transparente empleado en la esclerectomía profunda. Esta técnica disminuye el riesgo de pérdida del implante

PURPOSE: To describe a staining technique that will enhance the visualization of non-absorbable T-Flux implants. METHODS: The technique was applied to non-absorbable T-Flux implants. The implants were submerged for 5 to 10 minutes in a sodium fluorescein solution, and dried with a sponge when removed from the solution. DISCUSSION: This is a very simple and easy procedure that uses a common fluorescein solution to enhance the contrast between the surgical field and a transparent implant used in deep sclerectomy. This colour technique will decrease the risk of loss of the implant in the surgical field

[Improving the visualization of non-absorbable T-Flux(®) implants in deep sclerectomy. Colouring technique]. / Mejorando la visualización del implante no absorbible T-Flux(®) para esclerectomía profunda. Técnica de tinción.

PURPOSE: To describe a staining technique that will enhance the visualization of non-absorbable T-Flux implants. METHODS: The technique was applied to non-absorbable T-Flux implants. The implants were submerged for 5 to 10 minutes in a sodium fluorescein solution, and dried with a sponge when removed from the solution. DISCUSSION: This is a very simple and easy procedure that uses a common fluorescein solution to enhance the contrast between the surgical field and a transparent implant used in deep sclerectomy. This colour technique will decrease the risk of loss of the implant in the surgical field.

Isolated unilateral amazia: an exceptional breast anomaly.

BACKGROUND: Amazia is a rare breast anomaly. It consists of the absence of the mammary gland, with normal nipple-areola complex. It usually presents associated with a syndrome and it can be diagnosed during infancy or at the beginning of puberty. CASE: Here we report a case of a 13-year-old female with a late diagnosis of unilateral amazia. No distinctive body or anatomic abnormalities were found. She was referred for surgical reconstruction. COMMENTS: Amazia is an uncommon entity with a lack of incidence information in the literature. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are essential to avoid body image complications, especially among adolescent women.

Coriorretinopatía serosa central recidivante y crónica. Estudio del espesor retiniano al mes del tratamiento con una inyección de bevacizumab intravítreo / Recurrent and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina thickness evaluation one month after intravitreal bevacizumab injection

Propósito: Evaluar la eficacia de la inyección intravítrea de bevacizumab en pacientes diagnosticados de coriorretinopatía serosa central crónica. Método: Estudio de ocho pacientes con corioretinopatía serosa central tratada con inyección intravitrea de bevacizumab. Se incluye la agudeza visual con la escala de Snellen y el grosor de la mácula, ambas pre- y post-inyección. Resultados: La edad media de los pacientes fue de 50,25 años. El estudio se evaluó al cabo de un mes de evolución. La agudeza visual previa media fue de 0,431±0,249 líneas de visión y la posterior a la inyección fue de 0,631±0,310 líneas de visión (P=0,017). El grosor medio de la mácula fue de 351,25±78,492 μm y post-tratamiento de 183,50±22,640 μm (P=0,012).Conclusión: El bevacizumab intravítreo puede ser una alternativa en los pacientes con coriorretinopatía serosa central ya que existe una mejoría objetiva tanto de la agudeza visual como del grosor macular objetivado con tomografía de coherencia óptica(AU)

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intavitreal injection of bevacizumab in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Methods: A study of 8 patients with central serous chorioretinopathy who were treated with intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. We studied the visual acuity with Snellenis method and the foveal thickness, before and after the injection. Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.25 years. After one month of follow-up, visual acuity before the injection was 0.431±0.249 vision lines and after was 0.631±0.310 vision lines (P=.017).The foveal thickness was 351.25±78.492μm and after treatment was 183.50±22.640μm (P=.012). Conclusions: Intravitreal bevacizumab can be an alternative treatment in patients with serous central chorioretinopathy as it leads to a better objective visual acuity and foveal thickness with optical coherence tomography(AU)

[Recurrent and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina thickness evaluation one month after intravitreal bevacizumab injection]. / Coriorretinopatía serosa central recidivante y crónica. Estudio del espesor retiniano al mes del tratamiento con una inyección de bevacizumab intravítreo.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of intavitreal injection of bevacizumab in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. METHODS: A study of 8 patients with central serous chorioretinopathy who were treated with intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. We studied the visual acuity with Snellens method and the foveal thickness, before and after the injection. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 50.25 years. After one month of follow-up, visual acuity before the injection was 0.431 ± 0.249 vision lines and after was 0.631 ± 0.310 vision lines (P=.017).The foveal thickness was 351.25 ± 78.492 µm and after treatment was 183.50 ± 22.640 µm (P=.012). CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal bevacizumab can be an alternative treatment in patients with serous central chorioretinopathy as it leads to a better objective visual acuity and foveal thickness with optical coherence tomography.

[Simultaneous botulism in two brothers addicted to cocaine]. / Botulismo simultáneo en dos hermanos cocainómanos.

INTRODUCTION: Botulism is currently an uncommon disease in which the botulinum toxin causes a progressive muscular paralysis that can lead to the death due to a failure of respiratory muscles. CLINICAL CASE: Two brothers, both addicted to cocaine, came to the casualty department because of a decrease of near visual acuity and bilateral mydriasis. Two days later, they developed eyelid ptosis, asymmetric dysfunction of the extraocular muscles and vomiting. DISCUSSION: The presence of a paralysis of accommodation, with bilateral mydriasis that reacts to pilocarpine, makes it necessary to consider botulism as a possible cause.

Botulismo simultáneo en dos hermanos cocainómanos / Simultaneous botulism in two brothers addicted to cocaine

Introducción: El botulismo es poco frecuente en la actualidad. La toxina botulínica produce una parálisis muscular progresiva que puede producir la muerte del paciente por parada de los músculos respiratorios. Caso clínico: Dos pacientes hermanos, adictos a la cocaína, acudieron al Servicio de Urgencias por disminución de la agudeza visual cercana, con midriasis bilateral. A los dos días presentaban, además, ptosis palpebral, disfunción asimétrica de la motilidad ocular extrínseca, y vómito. Discusión: Ante la presencia de una parálisis de la acomodación con una midriasis bilateral que responde a pilocarpina, se debe considerar el botulismo como una posible etiología

Introduction: Botulism is currently an uncommon disease in which the botulinum toxin causes a progressive muscular paralysis that can lead to the death due to a failure of respiratory muscles. Clinical case: Two brothers, both addicted to cocaine, came to the casualty department because of a decrease of near visual acuity and bilateral mydriasis. Two days later, they developed eyelid ptosis, asymmetric dysfunction of the extraocular muscles and vomiting. Discussion: The presence of a paralysis of accommodation, with bilateral mydriasis that reacts to pilocarpine, makes it necessary to consider botulism as a possible cause

[Octreotide scintigraphy in thyroid orbitopathy]. / Gammagrafía con octreótido en la orbitopatía distiroidea.

INTRODUCTION: Graves' disease, which has an autoimmune basis, is associated with the infiltration of activated lymphocytes into the retrobulbar tissues of the eye. These activated lymphocytes express somatostatin receptors on their surface which mediate the inflammatory response. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of (111) In-Octreotide scintigraphy in the identification of orbital activity in Graves' disease and the usefulness of treatment with a somatostatin analogue, based on a pre-established protocol within the Nuclear Medicine Department. METHODS: We studied a group of eighteen patients with symptomatic Graves' ophthalmopathy of between two months and four years duration. We injected 6 mCi of (111) In-Octreotide parenterally, and performed scintigraphy four and twenty-four hours later. Four patients, all in the active phase, showed orbital somatostatin receptors, for which they were treated with lanreotide 60 mg every fifteen days for three months. Patients were reviewed after 3 months treatment with a further scintigraphy and clinical study. RESULTS: In our study all four treated patients had less than sixteen months of ophthalmopathy, and three responded well to the treatment. CONCLUSION: Scintigraphy with Octreotide is a useful procedure allowing identification of patients in the active phase of the ophthalmopathy who are likely to respond well to treatment with somatostatin analogues.

Gammagrafía con octreótido en la orbitopatía distiroidea / Octreotide Scintigraphy in Thyroid Orbitopathy

Introducción: La enfermedad de Graves es una enfermedad de base autoinmune en la cual existe una infiltración por linfocitos activados en el tejido retroorbitario. Estos linfocitos activados se caracterizan por aumentar la expresión de receptores de somatostatina en su superficie que median la respuesta inflamatoria. Objetivo: Valorar la efectividad de la gammagrafía con 111In-octreótido en la identificación de actividad orbitaria en la Enfermedad de Graves y valorar qué pacientes son subsidiarios de recibir tratamiento con análogos de la somatostatina, así como su evolución con el tratamiento, según un protocolo establecido con el Servicio de Medicina Nuclear. Métodos: Se estudió un grupo de dieciocho pacientes con oftalmopatía tiroidea sintomática de dos meses a cuatro años de evolución. Se les inyectó 6 mCi de 111In-octreótido vía endovenosa siendo estudiados mediante SPECT a las cuatro y veinticuatro horas. Cuatro enfermos, todos en fase activa, mostraron captación orbitaria, por lo que fueron tratados con lanreotida 60 mg cada quince días. Se controló a estos pacientes a los tres meses con un nuevo estudio clínico-gammagráfico. Resultados: En nuestra serie, de los cuatro pacientes que presentaron receptores, todos ellos con evolución menor de dieciséis meses, tres respondieron bien al tratamiento según la valoración posterior. Conclusión: La gammagrafía con octreótido es un procedimiento útil que diferencia las fases activas, subsidiarias de tratamiento inmunosupresor, en pacientes con oftalmopatía tiroidea. El tratamiento con análogos de la somatostatina fue eficaz en nuestra serie

Introduction: Graves' disease, which has an autoimmune basis, is associated with the infiltration of activated lymphocytes into the retrobulbar tissues of the eye. These activated lymphocytes express somatostatin receptors on their surface which mediate the inflammatory response. Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of 111In-Octreotide scintigraphy in the identification of orbital activity in Graves’ disease and the usefulness of treatment with a somatostatin analogue, based on a pre-established protocol within the Nuclear Medicine Department. Methods: We studied a group of eighteen patients with symptomatic Graves’ ophthalmopathy of between two months and four years duration. We injected 6 mCi of 111In-Octreotide parenterally, and performed scintigraphy four and twenty-four hours later. Four patients, all in the active phase, showed orbital somatostatin receptors, for which they were treated with lanreotide 60 mg every fifteen days for three months. Patients were reviewed after 3 months treatment with a further scintigraphy and clinical study. Results: In our study all four treated patients had less than sixteen months of ophthalmopathy, and three responded well to the treatment. Conclusion: Scintigraphy with Octreotide is a useful procedure allowing identification of patients in the active phase of the ophthalmopathy who are likely to respond well to treatment with somatostatin analogues

[Optic nerve glioma in a case of neurofibromatosis-1 in a child]. / Glioma de nervio óptico en un caso de neurofibromatosis-1 infantil.

CLINICAL CASE: The case of a three-year-old patient with neurofibromatosis type I is presented. Ophthalmologic evaluation revealed, by means of magnetic resonance imaging, the presence of a silent glioma in the optic nerve of the left eye. DISCUSSION: Neurofibromatosis-1 can present in multiple ways to the ophthalmologist, with a glioma of the optic nerve being one of the most frequent central nervous system presentations in this illness. Generally the glioma affects the optic chiasm and its course is indolent, with conservative management and close monitoring usually being advised until progression is defined.

Glioma de nervio óptico en un caso de neurofibromatosis-1 infantil / Optic nerve glioma in a case of neurofibromatosis-1 in a child

Caso clínico: Se presenta el caso de una paciente de tres años de edad con neurofibromatosis tipo 1. La exploración oftalmológica reveló, mediante resonancia nuclear magnética, la presencia de un glioma de curso silente en el nervio óptico del ojo izquierdo.Discusión: La neurofibromatosis-1 produce múltiples manifestaciones en el campo oftalmológico, siendo los gliomas de la vía óptica los tumores del sistema nervioso central más frecuentes en la enfermedad. Por lo general suelen afectar al quiasma y su curso suele ser indolente, aceptándose un tratamiento conservador con seguimiento estrecho hasta que se detecte progresión

Clinical case: The case of a three-year-old patient with neurofibromatosis type I is presented. Ophthalmologic evaluation revealed, by means of magnetic resonance imaging, the presence of a silent glioma in the optic nerve of the left eye. Discussion: Neurofibromatosis-1 can present in multiple ways to the ophthalmologist, with a glioma of the optic nerve being one of the most frequent central nervous system presentations in this illness. Generally the glioma affects the optic chiasm and its course is indolent, with conservative management and close monitoring usually being advised until progression is defined